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Iterrative Correction of Measurement with Averaging of Dithered Samples
Miroslav Kamensky,Karol Kovac
Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering , 2008,
Abstract: Self-calibration techniques could eliminate measurement errors caused by time changes and component aging. For ADC performance enhancement also averaging is necessary. In the paper the iterative measurement error correction method is presented in combination with averaging. Dither theory for Gaussian noise has been used for exhibition of averaging abilities in ADC characteristic improvement. Experimental ENOB value improvement is more than 1.5 bit.
Age and Geographical Distribution in Families with BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutations in the Slovak Republic
Sona Ciernikova, Miroslav Tomka, Michal Kovac, Viola Stevurkova, Vladimir Zajac
Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice , 2006, DOI: 10.1186/1897-4287-4-1-7
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women in the Slovak Republic, accounting for 1,858 and 1,827 newly diagnosed breast cancer cases in years 2000 and 2001, respectively (World Standardized Rates 47.0/100,000 and 46.1/100,000). The complete data from NCRS show that it is also the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among Slovak women, the proportion being 15.1% of all cancer cases. NCRS was created as one of the first in Central and Eastern Europe and contains 30-year-old data about newly diagnosed cancer patients of all types. According to NCRS evidence, 414 and 449 newly diagnosed cases of ovarian cancer were reported in years 2000 and 2001 (World Standardized Rates: 10.9/100,000 and 11.4/100,000). They represent 4.3% of all cancer deaths, and ovarian cancer is therefore the most frequent cause of death of all gynaecological malignancies.A family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer is the most significant risk factor for developing the disease. An estimated 5-10% of all breast and ovarian cancer cases are hereditary in nature [1]. The search for genes associated with hereditary susceptibility to breast or ovarian cancer has been facilitated by the study of large kindreds with multiple affected individuals, and has led to the identification of several susceptibility genes, of which BRCA1 (MIM 113705) and BRCA2 (MIM 600185) are the most penetrant. Carriers of germline mutations in these genes have a 50-85% lifetime risk of breast cancer and a 15-45% risk of developing ovarian cancer during their lifetime [2,3]. It was estimated that the combination of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations was responsible for approximately 80% of all HBOC families [4,5]. More recent estimates put this risk at about 30% and other low penetrance candidate genes involved in breast cancer susceptibility, CHEK2, ATM, TP53 and PTEN, have been identified [6,7].Here we aim to determine the frequency, age and geographical distribution of families carrying BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations wit
Power Restoration in Medium Voltage Network Using Multiagent System
Miroslav Kovac,Peter Bracinik,Marek Hoger,Marek Roch
Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering , 2013,
Abstract: The article describes a novel approach to a power restoration in medium voltage power distribution network. It focuses primary at searching of a new network configuration enabling to minimalize the size of faulted area and to restore the power for the highest possible number of loads. It describes characteristic features of medium voltage power distribution network and discusses the implementation of the presented approach in existing networks. A software tool, developed by the authors, including physical simulation of model network and its autonomous control system is described. An example of fault situation in a virtual distribution network is presented. Afterwards, the solution of restoration problem by proposed multiagent system is simulated using the software tool described in the paper.
E-model MOS Estimate Improvement through Jitter Buffer Packet Loss Modelling
Adrian Kovac,Michal Halas,Milos Orgon,Miroslav Voznak
Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering , 2011,
Abstract: Proposed article analyses dependence of MOS as a voice call quality (QoS) measure estimated through ITU-T E-model under real network conditions with jitter. In this paper, a method of jitter effect is proposed. Jitter as voice packet time uncertainty appears as increased packet loss caused by jitter memory buffer under- or overflow. Jitter buffer behaviour at receiver’s side is modelled as Pareto/D/1/K system with Pareto-distributed packet interarrival times and its performance is experimentally evaluated by using statistic tools. Jitter buffer stochastic model is then incorporated into E-model in an additive manner accounting for network jitter effects via excess packet loss complementing measured network packet loss. Proposed modification of E-model input parameter adds two degrees of freedom in modelling: network jitter and jitter buffer size.
Gifts and Commodities in Chemistry
Jeffrey Kovac
Hyle : International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry , 2001,
Abstract: Using the quadrant model for scientific research developed by Donald E. Stokes, and the ideas of the gift and commodity economies, I discuss some important ethical questions raised by the commodification of scientific research. Even in pure research, the possibility of patents and private ownership of information challenges the traditional professional values of science. When the research has applications, as much of chemistry does, the ethical challenges are even greater. Finally, I consider some broader policy issues and introduce the idea of shared fate individualism as a way to analyze the knotty questions that arise.
When social becomes biological: The effect of different physical education curricula on motor and physical development of highschool girls
Marjeta Kovac
Anthropological Notebooks , 2006, DOI: 1234567
Abstract: Article presents the differences between certain morphological and motor variables of the high-school girls according to the type of educational programme they attend: general (gymnasium), technical/professional or vocational. Research included 17.424 girls, out of them 8.910 attended general programmes, 6.226 technical or professional courses and 2.288 were included in vocational programmes. Data were collected within the framework of the Sport-educational chart data collection. Variance analysis and t-test were used to calculate the differences in the types of programmes for 11 variables, whereas discriminatory analysis was used to find variables, which most significantly differentiate the groups of 16-, 17- and 18- year old girls. Differences between individual groups are statistically significant in all of the morphological and motor variables. Girls in general programmes have better morphological structure than other two groups, which are discriminated only slightly in morphological structure. Presumably these differences are a result of different socio-economic environments that determine the quality of nutrition. Girls in general programmes also achieved best results in test of all the motor variables, followed by the girls in technical programmes and the girls in vocational schools. All the differences are probably a result of factors, which influence the completion of motor programmes, as well smaller quantity of physical education lessons in the vocational programmes.
Speech Errors in English as Foreign Language: A Case Study of Engineering Students in Croatia
Mirjana Kovac
English Language and Literature Studies , 2011, DOI: 10.5539/ells.v1n1p20
Abstract: The study reported in this paper investigates the frequency and distribution of speech errors, as well as the influence of the task type on their rate. The participants of the study were 101 engineering students in Croatia. A recorded speech sample in the English language (L2) lasting for approximately ten hours was transcribed, whereby more than three and a half thousand speech errors were recorded. Morphological errors were dominant due to a significantly frequent omission of articles. The distribution of different subcategories of lexical errors pointed to a relatively low frequency of unintended L1 switches, indicating that the participants were able to separate the two languages during lexical access. Statistical testings of the influence of the task type on speech errors displayed that the retelling of a chronological order of events resulted in a significantly higher rate of syntactic errors if compared to other tasks. Due to limited attentional resources and insufficient knowledge, the speaker cannot process the message within the time constraints. The rate of lexical and phonological errors depended on the frequency of use, that is, less frequently used words were more susceptible to lexical errors than high-frequency words. The retelling of a chronological order of events is a demanding task, for this reason, this task type should be more practiced in foreign language teaching.
On the Complexity of Rearrangement Problems under the Breakpoint Distance
Jakub Kovac
Computer Science , 2011,
Abstract: We study complexity of rearrangement problems in the generalized breakpoint model and settle several open questions. The model was introduced by Tannier et al. (2009) who showed that the median problem is solvable in polynomial time in the multichromosomal circular and mixed breakpoint models. This is intriguing, since in most other rearrangement models (DCJ, reversal, unichromosomal or multilinear breakpoint models), the problem is NP-hard. The complexity of the small or even the large phylogeny problem under the breakpoint distance remained an open problem. We improve the algorithm for the median problem and show that it is equivalent to the problem of finding maximum cardinality non-bipartite matching (under linear reduction). On the other hand, we prove that the more general small phylogeny problem is NP-hard. Surprisingly, we show that it is already NP-hard (or even APX-hard) for 4 species (a quartet phylogeny). In other words, while finding an ancestor for 3 species is easy, finding two ancestors for 4 species is already hard. We also show that, in the unichromosomal and the multilinear breakpoint model, the halving problem is NP-hard, thus refuting the conjecture of Tannier et al. Interestingly, this is the first problem which is harder in the breakpoint model than in the DCJ or reversal models.
Frustration of purpose and the French Contract Law reform: The challenge to the international commercial attractiveness of English law?
Mitja Kovac
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/1023263X18781190
Abstract: Frustration of purpose remains one of the most ill-defined concepts in the English law of contracts. The same problem has also recently attracted the attention of the French legislature in its modernization of the Code Civil. The French reform entitles courts with broad powers to adjust the contract when unforeseen contingencies have made the bargain unduly costly. This article argues that the introduction of an economically inspired adjustment rule in English contract law should be re-considered to maintain its current superior commercial position. If implemented, then the ‘ex ante division of surplus’ should be the governing principle in adjusting contract price, because such a remedy will not affect the agreed-upon division of the surplus. Moreover, this paper suggests that the recent French reform is indeed a long-awaited step toward a more effective regulation of the notorious ‘unforeseen contingencies’ phenomena, but also suggests that further improvements might be needed. Furthermore, it offers a set of arguments suggesting that the English law in its current form might still be the preferred option in the world of international business transactions. The international commercial attractiveness of English contract law, although being challenged by the new French Civil Code, remains undisputed
Competence model in education and training process
Kovac, Darko
- , 2008,
Abstract: Sa？etak Traditional learning processes in contemporary management practice, especially in global business environment, are being challenged by new approaches. They can not be avoided in the hospitality and tourism industry. Kolb’s experimental learning model is a solid base to build on. Experimental learning theory uses personal and group experiences while taking participants through various stages of learning associated with the theory. However, when talking about concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation as stages of experimental learning, student variations in attitude, motivation, and style as well as ability have to be understood. The model of competences as underlying characteristic of a person could help to clarify this issue. We comprehend competence as a broader concept than skills. Affective and motivational factors should be added as well as personality traits next to different kinds of skills. Moreover, we could claim that cognition is only one aspect of the human mind. The other two aspects: affection and conation have often been neglected in education. Due to that reason we will decompose competences into cognitive, behavioural, and conative. While the first two are increasingly present and included in education programmes, conative ones are scarcely the subject of training programmes, because they are inborn and can be only encouraged, but their role should not be neglected
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